Ion in body fluids

Assistant Lecture
Najlaa Nassir
Ions in body fluids:-
The major component of the human body is water, which accounts for 63% of an adult male. and in female increased body fat content is associated with ageing , obesity, Consequently, the percentage of water in women falls to 52%, Dissolved within this water are carbon dioxide (CO2) nutrients, proteins and charged particles (ions).
Fluid in the body is distributed into different compartments:-
1- Intracellular fluid (ICF): the fluid inside the cells.
2- Extracellular fluid (ECF): all fluids outside cells, its divide to:-
? interstitial fluid (ISF): exists in the spaces between cells and lies
outside the vascular system.
? intravascular fluid exists as blood plasma in blood vessels.
ISF and plasma are in a state of continual exchange via pores in the highly permeable capillary membrane. The two fluids therefore have a similar composition, with the exception of large proteins, which are trapped within the capillaries in the vascular system.



Body composition and fluid components:-
1- Proteins and related substances (18%)
2- Minerals (7%)
3- Fat (15%)
4- Water (60%)
5- Intracellular fluid (40%)
6- Extracellular fluid (20%):-

Plasma(non-cellular)(4%) interstitial fluid (15%)

Transcellular (1%)




Intracellular and extracellular fluid contains proteins, while the intravascular
fluid contains proteins, fats, and blood cells making these fluids mixtures as well as solutions.






Ionic Composition of Body Fluids:-
The following table summarizes some ions and where found:

Ions Found deficiencies
Potassium Bananas , milk
,potatoes , flour , sun
flowers seeds , spinach Hypokalemia may result in cardiac failure, poor reflexes,
nervous disorders.
Calcium
Milk , eggs , meat ,
vegetables, spinach
almonds , cheese. Softening ,brittle of bondes and back, tooth decay.
Magnesium Seed pumpkins , bran
cereals , sun flowers
seeds , wheats , okra
, dried peaches Severe malabsorption ,
chronic alcoholism ,
renal dysfunction.
Chloride Vegetables , fruits ,
meat , milk derivatives
, and found in large quantities in the salt. Weakness , contraction of extracellar fluid volume and metabolic alkalosis.

Phosphor Milk , meat , fish oil ,
salmon , egg Malabsorption , diabetes mellitus .



References:-
- Body fluids – part(1) by Dr. Matthew Gwinnett and Dr. Jennifer Thorburn, 21st JUNE 2010.